Bài 05 - Đất nước, Quốc tịch

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Learn how to tell your country and nationality in mandarin chinese.
Vocabulary : Have you been to China? Countries and Nationalities.

Conversation 1 : Which country are you going to? (您去哪个国家)

-Xiānsheng,
先生
nín
guójiā?
国家
 
-
Zhōngguó.
中国
 
-Nín
shì
Zhōngguórén
中国人
ma?
 
-Shìde,
是的
shì
Zhōngguórén.
中国人
先生xiānsheng(n)Mr.
(v)go
(pro)which
(m)(a measure word)
国家guójiā(n)country
中国Zhōngguó(n)China
rén(n)person
中国人Zhōngguórén(n)Chinese person
是的shìde yes, all right
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Translation

- Mister, which country are you going to?
- I go to China.
- Are you Chinese?
- Yes, I'm Chinese.

Conversation 2 : Which country are you from? (你是哪国人)

-Xiǎojiě,
小姐
shì
guó
rén?
 
-
shì
Měiguórén.
美国人
 
-Tāmen
他们
shì
Měiguórén
美国人
ma?
 
-
tāmen
他们
shì
Měiguórén.
美国人
 
 Tāmen
他们
dōu
shì
Yīngguórén
英国人
小姐xiǎojiě(n)Miss
guó(v)country
美国Měiguó(n)U.S.A
  (plural suffix)
他们tāmen(pro)they
(adv)also, too
bù, bú(adv)no, not
dōu(adv)all
英国Yīngguó(n)Britain

Translation

- Miss, which country are you from?
- I'm American.
- Are they American too?
- No, they are not american, they are all English.

Conversation 3 : Have you been to China? (你去过中国吗?)

-
guo
Zhōngguó
中国
ma?
 
-
méi
guo
Zhōngguó.
中国
 
-
xiǎng
Zhōngguó
中国
ma?
 
-
hěn
xiǎng
Zhōngguó.
中国
guo(part)past particle
méi(adv)no, not
xiǎng(v)want to, think
hěn(adv)very

Translation

- Have you been to China?
- I haven't been to China.
- Do you want to go to China?
- I really want to go to China.

Grammar

The verbal particles 过 and 没

The verbal particle 过 which occurs immediately after a verb denotes that some actions took place in the past. It is often used to emphasize an experience. The negative form of "verb + 过" is "没 + verb + 过".
Example:
- 我 去 过 美国。 - I have been to the USA.
- 我 没 去 过 美国。 - I have'nt been to the USA.

Phrase structure

The adverbs are placed before the verb.
Example:
- 我 是 中国人。 - I am Chinese too.
- 我们 是 中国人。 - We are all Chinese.
- 我 是 中国人。 - I am not Chinese.

The verb 想

想 is an optative verb. The optative verb is placed before the verb.
Example:
- 你 想 去 中国 吗? - Do you want to go to China?
- 我 很 想 去 中国。 - I really want to go to China.

Exercises : Substitution Drills

Exercise 1

-Nín
guójiā?
国家
 
-
Zhōngguó.
中国
法国Fǎguó(n)France
德国Déguó(n)Germany
加拿大Jiānádà(n)Canada
意大利Yìdàlì(n)Italy
日本Rīběn(n)Japan

Exercise 2

-Nín
shì
Zhōngguórén
中国人
ma?
 
-
( bú )
shì
Zhōngguórén.
中国人
法国人Fǎguórén(n)French (people)
德国人Déguórén(n)German
加拿大人Jiānádàrén(n)Canadian
意大利人Yìdàlìrén(n)Italian
日本人Rīběnrén(n)Japanese

Exercise 3

-
shì
guó
rén?
 
-
shì
Měiguórén.
美国人
(pro)you
(pro)I, me
你们nǐmen(pro)you (plural)
我们wǒmen(pro)we
(pro)he
(pro)she
他们tāmen(pro)they

Calligraphy exercises

20 new characters. Click on the character to open its page (calligraphy, writing rules, etymology...)

Character 中
Character 国

 

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